The theoretical part of the bachelor thesis deals with the determination of mechanical properties by conventional methods and their possible replacement on small and miniature test specimens, focusing on tensile and bending tests of miniature dimensions and the small punch test. In the experimental part, these mechanical properties were measured on miniature specimens; specifically, the mechanical properties of small and miniature dimensions were examined on AA 7075 strength alloy material applied by kinetic cold deposition. The experiment focused on tensile and bending tests of small specimens, followed by a small punch test and subsequent correlation of the results.

This bachelor thesis focuses on strengthening the low-activation steel Eurofer using nanoparticles, specifically 2D boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS). Eurofer steel, intended for structural components of fusion reactors, does not meet the required mechanical properties and is therefore traditionally reinforced with oxide particles such as Y₂O₃. However, this approach reduces the material's toughness. The aim of this work was to experimentally evaluate the effect of BN nanosheets on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Eurofer and ODS Eurofer steels. Two concentrations of BNNS (0.01 wt.% and 0.5 wt.%) were used, and the samples were consolidated using the Spark Plasma Sintering method. The specimens were analyzed in terms of density, microstructure, and mechanical properties (hardness, tensile strength, ductility) using microscopy, EDS, X-ray diffraction, and tensile testing. The results showed that a lower BNNS content positively influenced both strength and especially ductility of the ODS steel.

The aim of this master’s thesis was to prepare macroporous ceramic filters based on mullite and silica, suitable for the filtration of electro-insulating liquids in distribution transformers. The first part of this thesis is a literature review focusing on electro-insulating liquids and their degradation, macroporous ceramic processing techniques and their use in filtration. The experimental part describes the preparation of porous filters using the replica template method and direct foaming. Filters prepared using the replica method achieved porosity around 80 % and compressive strength up to 2.4 MPa. Direct foaming proved unsuitable for large-scale production, while replica-based filters were successfully scaled up and are ready for filtration performance testing.